Frequently Asked Questions
Click on the question to see the answer.
What is CSI Trees?
CSI Trees is a research project that seeks to identify tree species that are resistant to changing urban climates—such as heat, drought, salinization, and extreme rainfall—so that these trees can continue to grow healthily in urban environments in the future.
Can you already advise which trees are most climate-resistant?
At this moment, we are unable to provide substantiated and location-specific advice on climate-resistant tree species. Within this project, all relevant atmospheric and soil factors are being mapped out one by one. The combination of these factors determines the suitability of a tree species for a specific planting location in terms of its ability to grow well there.
Advising on tree species at this stage would be based on assumptions or limited substantiated estimates. This is precisely how climate resilience has often been determined up to now: on the basis of so-called “expert judgment.” Given the rapid and ongoing changes in the climate, we consider this approach to be insufficiently reliable and possibly even misleading.
We have therefore made a conscious decision to only issue recommendations when they are scientifically robust and applicable to specific locations.
Where does the name CSI Trees come from?
The name CSI Trees refers both to the working method and the content of the project. It stands for a targeted search for tree species that are suitable for the changing urban climate.
At the same time, the name has a second meaning: CSI also stands for Citizen Science Investigator. This emphasizes that citizens are actively involved in the research and in the significance that trees have for their living environment. In this context, ten Dutch municipalities investigated which characteristics of street trees are most appreciated by residents.
Why is this research necessary?
Climate change is causing urban trees to experience increasing stress, such as heat and drought stress, and as a result, many of the current tree species will struggle in the coming decades. CSI Trees is investigating which tree species are more resistant to these conditions.
How will the research be conducted?
CSI Trees uses a computerized system that links the expected future urban climate to climate conditions in the natural distribution area of tree species worldwide. This identifies tree species that are likely to perform well in future urban and rural conditions. In addition, the physiological characteristics of trees are examined to assess their resilience.
How are the results translated into practice?
The results are translated into practical tools, maps, and apps for tree managers and municipalities, enabling them to make strategic decisions about which trees are suitable for planting in different urban areas.
Is this only applied in the Netherlands?
Yes – the project focuses on Dutch cities, but the methods and insights can be more broadly applied in other regions with similar climate changes. Municipalities and tree managers are invited to use the results in future green planning.
Has the project already started and what is happening now?
The CSI Trees study began with a preliminary study (2022-2024) and has since been expanded to include a main study, in which the existing tree population is being evaluated and new planting material for the future is being investigated.
How long will this research take?
During the preliminary research, which ran from 2023 to 2025, the research methodology, the necessary competencies, and colleagues were brought together. Methods were also tested. This knowledge was used to write the main research. The main research will run for four years, from 2026 to 2029.
Who is involved in the project?
The project is a collaboration between WUR, municipalities, tree nurseries, arborists, industry partners, network organizations, and the Top Sector Horticulture and Starting Materials.
How are tree species selected?
Trees are selected based on climate data, physiological responses to stress, and compatibility with the expected urban climate conditions in 2100. This results in a list of species that are resistant to future heat, drought, and other abiotic stress factors. During the preliminary research, which ran from 2023 to 2025, the research methodology, the necessary competencies, and colleagues were brought together. Methods were also tested. This knowledge was used to write the main research report.
My municipality or organization is not yet participating in this study. Can I still join this consortium?
Yes, you can get in touch via the contact form. You can then explore the possibilities with the project management team. Yes, you can get in touch via the contact form. You can then explore the possibilities with the project management team.
Is it possible for university students to conduct a thesis or master's study within this research?
Yes, it is possible for students to participate in CSI Trees. However, the research is university-level, which makes it less attractive for students in higher professional education and vocational education. Depending on the research question, the intake process will determine which researchers from the team will provide supervision.
Is it possible for researchers from the team to give lectures elsewhere in the country?
In principle, this is possible. Due to the large number of requests, we are forced to be selective. Priority is given to requests from umbrella organizations and large national events. Contributions at other locations are possible in some cases for a fee. Please contact the project management team via the contact form.
Can we visit the facilities of Wageningen University & Research?
Yes, that is possible. Special open days are organized for (contributing) partners of this project. During these days, you can view the facilities at WUR. Information about planned open days this year can be found here.
